Extremism in Afghanistan; Historical Roots from the Khawarij to the Present

Extremism, as an intellectual and social phenomenon, has taken on different forms in different historical and geographical contexts. In a land like Afghanistan, which is located at the intersection of cultures, religions, and political conflicts, this phenomenon not only has deep historical roots, but has also been reproduced in more complex forms in contemporary times. To properly understand extremism in this country, we must go back and start from its earliest manifestations in the history of Islam, namely the Khawarij movement.