From the brink of war to the negotiating table; How was America forced to retreat?
At midnight on Sunday (June 14), while the region was on the verge of a full-scale confrontation, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States, with the mediation of Pakistan and Qatar, finalized the final text of the “Memorandum of Understanding to End the War” in the Islamabad talks.
This historic agreement, which was the result of months of intensive and breathtaking consultations, was reached in a situation where only hours earlier, the Israeli regime’s airstrike on the southern suburbs of Beirut and the repeated violation of the ceasefire in Lebanon had provoked the intense anger of US President Donald Trump over Benjamin Netanyahu’s actions, and at the same time, Tehran had practically nailed Washington to the negotiating table by declaring its firm readiness for a military response.
Official statement from Iran’s Supreme National Security Council; Explanation of the Dimensions of the Understanding
The Secretariat of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council released an official statement on Monday morning (June 15) minutes after the text of the understanding was finalized, informing the Iranian nation of the details of this strategic success.
The statement reads:
“The honorable Iranian nation is informed that, under the guidance of its martyred leader, the Islamic Republic of Iran has completed its victory over the American Zionist enemy, and under the measures of the supreme leadership of the regime (may God protect it), the support of all the people, and the tireless efforts of the warriors of Islam, following a difficult and intensive period of negotiations lasting several months, and based on the resolution of the Supreme National Security Council, the text of the Memorandum of Understanding on the End-of-War Negotiations (Islamabad Negotiations) between Iran and the United States was finalized on the evening of June 14.”
The statement emphasized two immediate and strategic achievements: “Based on the agreements reached, the war and military operations on all fronts, including Lebanon, will end immediately and permanently as of tonight, and in addition, the naval blockade against Iran will end immediately and completely.”
It was also announced that the official signing of this Memorandum of Understanding will take place on Friday, June 19, and negotiations for a final agreement have been postponed until after the other party’s obligations have been fulfilled.
At the end of its statement, the Secretariat of the Supreme National Security Council of Iran appreciated the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the government of Qatar in bringing this understanding to fruition.
Gharibabadi: 15 hours of non-stop negotiations; achievements that are not comparable to Iran's commitments
Kazim Gharibabadi, Deputy Foreign Minister of Iran and one of the key figures of the country's negotiating team, revealed the ups and downs of the final negotiations in a detailed interview with the news network.
Referring to the marathon consultations on Sunday, he said: "The negotiation process took a long time and involved mediation by Pakistan and Qatar, and a Qatari delegation came to Iran on Saturday and held long talks for about 15 hours. We did not agree to the memorandum of understanding until we included our last points and demands in the text of the understanding. The negotiations continued until an hour ago."
Explaining the timing of the implementation of the commitments, Gharibabadi stated: "This is currently the text of the memorandum of understanding that has been finalized, and the final signing will take place on Friday between the main parties in Switzerland. Two immediate events will occur as of this morning; the first will be the end of the war and military operations on various fronts, including Lebanon, which was also in the text of the Pakistani Prime Minister. The second event, which the US President acknowledged, will be the lifting and ending of the naval blockade."
Emphasizing that the country's commitments will be implemented from Friday and after the official signing of the memorandum of understanding, the Deputy Foreign Minister of Iran said in terms that showed the depth of this diplomatic victory: "This understanding was not only the result of diplomatic consultations, but also owed to the pure blood of the martyrs, the actions of the military warriors, and the steadfastness of our brave people in the streets, and the support of the armed forces and confrontation with the enemies of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and it was owed to the blood of the martyred Imam and the measures of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution."
He added: “The enemy, which had attacked to implement its sinister goals, suffered defeat in all its goals, and the Islamic Republic of Iran achieved great victories in the war. We have included all our important positions in the draft understanding.”
Gharibabadi then emphasized in a warning tone that shows Tehran’s strategic alertness: “This memorandum of understanding does not mean trusting the enemy, but is written with distrust. We will monitor the implementation of America’s commitments. The Iranian armed forces will always have their hand on the trigger to confront the enemy’s conspiracies. We will always be ready to confront any conspiracy.”
This stance reflects a fundamental principle in the security doctrine of the Islamic Republic of Iran: negotiating and understanding with the enemy never means being naive or trusting in him, but is a tactic in continuing the path of resistance.
How did the Israeli attack on Dahiyeh turn the tables in Iran’s favor?
A source close to the Iranian negotiating team revealed the details behind the fateful changes in the final moments in an interview with Fars News Agency.
According to the source, after the general outlines of the memorandum of understanding were approved by the Supreme National Security Council on Saturday, some remaining issues were discussed starting Sunday morning with the arrival of the Qatari team. It seemed that these issues would remain unresolved until around noon on Sunday, Israel attacked the Dahiyeh area, effectively crossing the red lines that Iran had set.
At this moment, Iran was preparing to launch widespread attacks on the Zionist regime from several fronts, and the negotiations were heading towards a complete shutdown. However, with the re-entry of Trump and the concessions offered in exchange for Iran not attacking Israel, the negotiating team was convinced that this agreement was in the interests of the country and the interests of the Lebanese people.
What happened at this critical juncture was a brilliant example of “active deterrence.” Iran forced the other side to retreat, not by retreating, but by demonstrating its readiness to escalate tensions. Israel, thinking that it could upset the equation with another attack, effectively paved the way for further isolation and unprecedented American concessions to Iran. This is the strategic paradox that the Leader of the Islamic Revolution has repeatedly emphasized: “The enemy retreats from a position of strength, not from a position of weakness.”
The most important last-minute changes imposed on the text of the understanding were:
- The immediate lifting of the naval blockade (instead of the previously agreed 30-day period).
- The end of the war and military operations on all fronts and in all regions of Lebanon, and the necessity of respecting the territorial integrity of this country.
Ultimately, these consultations continued until the late hours of Sunday night, and while everything was ready to attack Israel, with the US complying with Iran's demands, the obstacles to signing the memorandum of understanding were practically removed and it was decided to sign the memorandum of understanding on Friday.
Agenda for the 60-day negotiations; lifting all sanctions is on the table
Ghoribabadi, continuing to explain the details of this understanding, pointed to the horizon of the upcoming negotiations and said: "We will have an official signing on Friday and talks will be held between the heads of the two delegations to determine the future arrangements for the negotiations. By then, the issue of the American side's commitments regarding ending the war, lifting the blockade, and releasing assets will be verified."
According to the Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister, entering the 60-day negotiations is subject to the full implementation of these commitments by the US. The topics to be discussed during this 60-day period will include the following:
- Ending all sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran, including primary and secondary sanctions.
- Termination of Security Council and Board of Governors resolutions.
- Nuclear issue.
- Economic reconstruction and development and finalization of its mechanism.
- Determining an executive mechanism to monitor the proper implementation of the parties' commitments.
Emphasizing Iran's strategic success, Gharibabadi said: "We defeated America in a military war, and they pledged to end the war in this memorandum."
Strait of Hormuz Knot; A Different Narrative Than Trump's Claim
US President Donald Trump claimed in statements that from this moment on, ships can pass through the Strait of Hormuz without worrying or paying tolls. However, an informed source in an interview with Tasnim News Agency presented a different narrative and emphasized: "The Strait of Hormuz will be reopened after Friday and the signing of the memorandum."
The same informed source said about the exact timing of the start of the final negotiations: “Based on Article 13 of the memorandum, negotiations for the final agreement will begin after the memorandum is signed and the implementation of the clauses related to lifting the naval blockade, starting the process of opening the Strait of Hormuz, releasing some of Iran’s assets, and lifting sanctions on Iran in the field of selling oil, petrochemicals, and derivatives is verified.”
This difference in narrative itself speaks to an important fact: Iran will act not based on promises, but on verification.
Trump’s anger at Netanyahu; the factor that changed the equation
Another determining factor also played a role in the hidden layers of this agreement: Donald Trump’s intense anger at Benjamin Netanyahu’s adventurism. The Israeli regime’s airstrike on the southern suburbs of Beirut, the assassination of a senior Hezbollah commander, and the repeated violations of the ceasefire in Lebanon not only brought Iran to the brink of a military response, but also put the White House in a difficult position. Trump, who was looking for a diplomatic breakthrough in the Middle East, clearly understood that Netanyahu was cutting all his strings with his provocative actions.
This gap in the enemy’s front was cleverly turned by Iranian diplomacy into a golden opportunity to impose more concessions. Realizing that Washington did not have the ability or desire to enter a new large-scale war at this time, Tehran used its military leverage to gain maximum diplomatic concessions.
Strategic Summary
The Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding can be considered a turning point in the history of Iran-US relations and regional equations. In this process, the Islamic Republic of Iran emerged not as a party that gave in to negotiations out of desperation, but as a victorious power that forced the enemy to accept its terms. From the immediate and permanent end of the war on all fronts and the lifting of the naval blockade to setting up a negotiating table to lift all sanctions, all of these are achievements that have borne fruit in the shadow of the nation’s steadfastness, the leadership’s measures, and the pure blood of martyrs.
However, Tehran has cautiously emphasized that this understanding does not mean trusting the enemy and that the armed forces are ready to respond to any possible breach of commitment. Now, all eyes are on Friday and the official signing ceremony in Switzerland where this great diplomatic victory is to be formalized and a new chapter in the history of the region will be opened.